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3. Misapplying Demand Modes
Low Demand (e.g., ESD valve – operates once a year). High Demand (e.g., burner management – cycles every minute). Continuous (e.g., gas detector – always monitoring). You cannot use low-demand formulas for high-demand systems.
: Helping candidates reach the minimum 60% requirement for the multiple-choice section. Real-World Scenario Library
- Functional Safety Fundamentals: Definition of functional safety, safety goals, and functional safety requirements.
- Risk Assessment and Hazard Analysis: Risk assessment techniques, hazard identification, and risk prioritization.
- Safety Instrumented Systems (SIS): Design, implementation, and operation of SIS, including sensor, logic solver, and final element selection.
- Safety Standards and Regulations: IEC 61508, IEC 61511, ISO 26262, and other relevant standards and regulations.
- Functional Safety Management: Functional safety management systems, safety planning, and documentation.
- Verification and Validation: Verification and validation techniques, including testing and simulation.
- Safety Case Development: Development of a safety case, including safety arguments and evidence.
Domain 7: Software Functional Safety (IEC 61508-3)
- V-model for software: Requirements → Architecture → Design → Coding → Module test → Integration → Validation.
- Key terms: Separation (non-interference), LVL (limited variability language) vs. FVL (full variability language). For SIL 3, LVL with certified tools is preferred.
- Avoidance vs. removal of faults: Avoidance (design reviews, coding standards) vs. removal (static analysis, unit testing).
The "All-Of-The-Above" Trap: